Though drinking water pipelines have reached most of the households in the valley, people are still dependent on water from the public taps or in some extreme cases, long treks to natural streams.
In water-scarce regions, droughts pose a critical challenge to urban water security for low-income households. Droughts reduce water availability, forcing water providers to invest in additional supplies or implement costly short-term emergency measures.
Drinking water is also being affected by climate change. A recent study focused on analyzing the effects of climate-induced deforestation on the water quality of the Rappbode reservoir, the largest drinking water reservoir in Germany.