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List of retired coal thermal power plants in India

India has 179 coal-fired power plants. Between 2017 and 2022, they scheduled 22.7 GW of coal plants for retirement. However, they only retired 7.35 GW, including 4.5 GW that retired due to old age.

By Ground Report
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How many coal plants retired in India?

India has 179 coal-fired power plants. Between 2017 and 2022, they scheduled 22.7 GW of coal plants for retirement. However, they only retired 7.35 GW, including 4.5 GW that retired due to old age. They estimate that 4.6 GW of TPPs will retire between 2022 and 2027.

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India plans to reduce power generation from at least 81 coal-fired plants over the next four years. However, the proposal did not involve shutting down any of the 179 coal power plants. India has not set a formal timeline for phasing down coal use. 

The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) stated that between March 2016 and June 2021, they retired 126 coal-based power generating units with a capacity of 11,995 MW. Techno-economic and commercial considerations caused the retirements.

In India, thermal power plants (TPPs) usually operate under a tariff structure that allows for 90% depreciation of the asset over a 25-year power purchase agreement (PPA) period. Despite this, these units often continue to function for extended periods of 35 to 45 years or even longer, thanks to significant investments in renovation and modernization (R&M).

India has an estimated 65.3 GW of proposed, on-grid coal capacity under active development. This includes:

  • 30.4 GW under construction
  • 34.9 GW in pre-construction
  • 14.4 GW permitted
  • 11.8 GW pre-permit
  • 8.8 GW announced

List of Thermal Units retired

Utility Name of the Station Unit No. Capacity (MW)
MPPGCL Amarkantak TPS (2x120 MW) 3 & 4 240
HPGCL Panipat TPS (4x110 MW) 1 to 4 440
MSPGCL Koradi TPS (4x105 MW) 1 to 4 420
Koradi TPS 5 200
MSPGCL Chandrapur TPS (2x210 MW) 1 & 2 420
MSPGCL Parli TPS 3 210
MSPGCL Bhusawal TPS 2 210
WBPDCL Santaldih TPS (4x120MW) 1 to 4 480
WBPDCL Bandel TPS (2x60 MW) 3 & 4 120
PVUNL Patratu TPS 1,2,3,5,8 360
4,6,7,9,10 455
TANGEDCO Ennore TPS (2x60 + 2x110 MW) 1,2,3 & 4 340
Ennore TPS 5 110
GSECL Gandhinagar TPS (2x120 MW) 1 & 2 240
GSECL Sikka TPS (2 x 120 MW) 1 & 2 240
GSECL Ukai TPS (2 x 120 MW) 1 & 2 240
DPL DPL TPS (70 + 2x75 MW) 3,4 & 5 220
APGCL Chandrapur TPS (2x30 MW) 1 & 2 60
PSPCL GND TPS (Bathinda)-(4x110 MW) 1,2,3,4 440
PSPCL GGS STPS (Ropar)-(2x210 MW) 1 & 2 420
UPRVUNL Harduaganj 5 60
UPRVUNL Obra TPS (2X50 MW) 1 & 2 100
Obra TPS (1x94 MW) 8 94
UPRVUNL Panki TPS (2 x 105 MW) 3 & 4 210
TSGENCO Kothagudem TPS (1x60 + 2x120 MW) 3, 6 & 8 300
NTPC Badarpur TPS(3x95 +2x210 MW) 1 to 5 705
DVC Durgapur TPS 3 140
DVC Chandrapur TPS 1 130
Chandrapur TPS 2 2 130
DVC Bokaro TPS (2 x 210) 1 & 2 420
NLC Neyveli TPS – I 7 100
CESC New Cossipore TPS (2x30 + 2x50 MW) 1 to 4 160
India Power Corp. Ltd. Chinakuri TPS (3x10 MW) 1,2,3 30
Dishergarh TPS (1x3 + 3x5 MW) 1,2,3,4 18
Seebpore TPS (1.5 + 1.88 + 2 + 3 MW) 1,2,3,4 8.38

Surge in electricity demand

In response to a surge in electricity demand, India has instructed utilities to refrain from retiring coal-fired power plants until 2030, as per a notice from the federal power ministry seen by Reuters. This comes just over two years after the country pledged to gradually reduce the use of this fuel.

In May of last year, India announced plans to cut power generation from at least 81 coal-fired plants over the next four years. However, this proposal did not include the shutdown of any of its 179 coal power plants. While India has not established a formal timeline for phasing out coal use, these measures indicate a significant shift in its energy policy.

As part of the Union Budget address for 2020-21, the Union Finance Minister said that the shutting down of old coal power plants, which are major contributors to emissions, will aid the achievement of India’s Nationally Determined Contributions.

However, some concerns retiring these plants may not result in significant savings. Analysis suggests that the total savings in generation cost from shutting down plants older than 25 years would be less than Rs. 5,000 crore annually, which is just 2% of the total power generation cost.

Moreover, some old plants may continue to be economically viable even if they install pollution control equipment, as their current fixed costs (which would increase with pollution control equipment installation) are very low.

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