Kharif season: Six lakh hectares less cultivated this year compared to 2021

The Kharif season's sowing in India is almost complete. As of September 8, 2023, about 1088.50 lakh hectares have been sown, which is slightly more than last year but still less than 2021. Until mid-August, the sowing progress was slow, but it improved later. However, pulse crops have lagged behind, with a reduction of 11.26 lakh hectares (8.59 per cent) compared to last year. In comparison to 2021, pulse sowing is down by 16.66 lakh hectares.

Pulse cultivation down compared to 2021

Among pulses, urad saw the most significant reduction, with a 13.98 per cent decrease compared to last year. Moong and pigeon pea also decreased by 7.60 per cent and 5.89 per cent, respectively. Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka are the most affected states, with a substantial decrease in pulse cultivation. Rajasthan, on the other hand, has increased pulse cultivation due to favourable rainfall earlier in the year.

According to figures from the Agriculture Ministry, farmers in the country have cultivated pulses in 119.91 lakh hectares during this Kharif season. In comparison, farmers had planted pulses crops in 131.17 lakh hectares in the country until the second week of September last year.

This implies that the area under pulses has decreased by 11.26 lakh hectares (8.59 percent) so far this year. However, if we compare it with 2021, the sowing of pulses in the current season has decreased by 16.66 lakh hectares compared to that year.

Oilseed cultivation has also decreased, with 1.80 lakh hectares less than last year. Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh are among the states facing challenges in oilseed cultivation, with significant reductions in cultivated areas compared to previous years.

Kharif Crop sowing crosses 1088 lakh hectares

S. No.	Crop	Area Sown
		2023	2022
1	Rice	403.41	392.81
2	Pulses	119.91	131.17
a	Arhar	42.92	45.61
b	Urdbean	31.89	37.08
c	Moongbean	31.11	33.67
d	Kulthi	0.31	0.29
e	Other pulses	13.68	14.53
3	Shri Anna cum Coarse cereals	182.21	181.24
a	Jowar	14.08	15.58
b	Bajra	70.84	70.46
c	Ragi	8.73	9.29
d	Small millets	5.24	4.93
e	Maize	83.33	80.97
4	Oilseeds	191.49	193.30
a	Groundnut	43.73	45.30
b	Soybean	125.40	124.06
c	Sunflower	0.70	2.00
d	Sesamum	11.98	12.97
e	Niger	0.57	0.88
f	Castor	9.00	7.94
g	Other Oilseeds	0.11	0.14
5	Sugarcane	59.91	55.65
6	Jute & Mesta	6.57	6.97
7	Cotton	125.00	126.87
Total		1088.50	1088.02

Sowing progress similar to 2022

Sowing figures this year improved slightly in some states after August. However, it's comparable to last year. To gauge successful sowing, it's better to compare with 2021 when irregular monsoons affected 2022 sowing.

In 2022, the final Kharif season sowing figures were lower at 1097.57 lakh hectares compared to 1111.36 lakh hectares in 2021, a 13.79 percent reduction. Despite this, October rains helped maintain crop production.

Paddy cultivation increased this year, with 403.40 lakh hectares planted compared to 392.81 lakh hectares last year. Still, it's 10.90 lakh hectares less than in 2021, affecting rice production in states like Jharkhand, Odisha, and Telangana.

While Kharif sowing improved slightly, concerns rose due to August's insufficient rainfall. Rainfall was 36 percent below normal, and as of September 10, 2023, the country received 10 percent less rain than usual. Kerala, Jharkhand, Bihar, Manipur, and Mizoram faced significant rainfall deficits.

Central Water Commission data on September 6 revealed that the country's 150 reservoirs had 28 percent less water than their capacity, posing additional challenges for agriculture. Last year, reservoirs held 150.851 BCM of water, while their total capacity was 178.784 BCM.

Keep Reading

• What are alternative livelihoods for Jharkhand coal workers to support ‘Just transition’?
• Renewable energy jobs soar to 12.7m in 2021 despite Covid
• With Solar Power, India saved US$4.2 billion in fuel costs this year
• Revolutionizing Sustainability: India’s Green Skill Development Program Leads the Way

Follow Ground Report for Climate Change and Under-Reported issues in India. Connect with us on Facebook, Twitter, Koo App, Instagram, Whatsapp and YouTube. Write us on [email protected]