6 diseases that attack humans in 2021 "3 in India and rest in China and Africa"

White fungus or invasive candidiasis can affect the blood, heart, brain, eyes, bones, or other parts of the body.

Ground Report | New Delhi: At a time when the world is busy confronting the emerging covid-19 virus, which has spread in most countries Like India, China and Africa that are currently facing its 2nd wav wave, the year 2021 witnessed the spread of a number of deadly diseases.

Black fungus

India has announced the emergence of a large number of cases of black fungus disease on its soil, at a time when it is facing the catastrophe of an outbreak of the Covid-19 virus.

And the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that black fungus disease is the result of mold found in soil and decomposing organic matter, such as rotting leaves, and people become infected with fungus, of which there are several types by inhaling fungal cells, which can spread in hospitals. And homes, through humidifiers or oxygen bottles, that contain filthy water.

According to experts, the infection must be detected early, because it is aggressive, with dead tissue being scraped and removed, and surgeons may sometimes have to remove patients' nose, eyes, or even their jaws to prevent the fungus from reaching the brain.

This infection is fatal, as more than half of those infected die, and the average death rate is 54%, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Control, and once infected, the patient is at risk of dying within days, but the disease is not contagious and India usually deals with a few dozen cases annually.

In general, the body's defenses counteract fungus that only affect those with severely weakened immune systems, such as transplant patients or patients with cancer.

And after infection with the Covid-19 virus and other diseases, a dangerous phenomenon called a “cytokine storm” can occur, which occurs because the immune system overreacts to fight the virus by secreting a large amount of cytokine, which causes organ damage.

In this case, doctors resort to prescribing ste*oids, "ste*oids", to reduce the immune response, but both weaken the body's defenses and increase sugar levels, which leads to the growth of fungus that feed on it.

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Diabetics, who also have a high level of sugar in the bloodstream, are also more likely to be affected, while some hospitals and doctors over-prescribe ste*oids, and some people take it at home without medical advice.

"People are starting to use it uncontrollably, in an excessive and inappropriate way," said Professor Srinath Reddy of the Indian Public Health Foundation.

Yellow fungus

Doctors in India announced the emergence of the yellow fungus disease, as the first patient was discovered in Ghaziabad, aged 45, as he was recovering from the Corona virus, but he had symptoms of black and white fungus patients, and upon examining his condition, he also showed symptoms Yellow fungus disease.

"Many terms are used for fungal infections that affect Covid patients, and these terms may be misleading and can cause confusion," said Randeep Jolleria, Director of the State Medical Science Foundation of India.

White fungus

With the states continuing to notify cases of black fungus as an epidemic, an infection called white fungus was discovered that affects some patients with "COVID-19", and these new cases were reported in Patna Bihar, as according to the reports of health officials, it seems that The infection is more dangerous than the black fungus, and the most difficult for India is that the infection coincides with a fierce wave of the Corona virus, in which India records record infection rates.

White fungus disease, also known as candidiasis, is a serious fungal infection. According to the CDC, white fungus or invasive candidiasis can affect the blood, heart, brain, eyes, bones, or other parts of the body.

This occurs when people with low immunity come into contact with items that contain mildew spores.For example, COVID-19 patients receiving oxygen support can come into contact with these fungal spores if ventilators and oxygen support equipment are not properly sterilized.

Moreover, overuse of ste*oids and the use of tap water and humidifier supplemented with an oxygen cylinder can increase the risk of contracting white fungus.

When can a person be infected with white fungus disease ?, White fungus disease is caused by a yeast "a type of fungus" ?, called Candida, which can live naturally inside the body, in areas such as the mouth, throat, intestine and genitals, without causing any problems.

However, individuals with reduced immunity, such as patients recovering from a serious COVID-19 infection, are at particular risk of contracting the white fungus. The fungus are present in their bodies, so the fungus can enter the bloodstream or internal organs to cause infection.

Nipah virus

The deadly Nipah virus appeared more than 20 years ago in the continent of Asia, and killed 105 people out of 265 that it infected them after its spread in 1998 in Malaysia. Nipah in China, foretelling the possibility of a future global pandemic, will be more dangerous than the Corona epidemic that swept the year in December 2019.

Nipah lives in both human and animal cells, especially pigs. It also lives in what is known as “fruit bats” known for their large size and spread in Yemen, Somalia, Sudan, Central Africa and others, and according to what was shown in the documentary made in 1999 after studying and identifying the virus, The first means of struggle that the health system resorted to there to confront "Nipah" is the rapid disposal of pig breeding farms there, because it poses a rapidly spreading danger among humans, and a very large number of deaths among the infected, so experts considered it more fierce and more deadly than the emerging corona virus.

The symptoms of the Nipah virus after its transmission from person to person, or from animal to person through direct contact, are coughing, headache and shortness of breath.

Ebola epidemic

Last February, the World Health Organization announced a new outbreak of the Ebola epidemic in the countryside of Juiki, Nzoico province in Guinea, after the national laboratory confirmed 3 cases, which is the first time that the disease has been reported in the country since its elimination in 2016, according to the Saudi Press Agency. The official «SPA».

Guinea was one of the 3 countries worst affected by the Ebola outbreak in West Africa from 2014 to 2016, which was the largest outbreak since the virus was first discovered in 1976.

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The previous outbreak of "Ebola" in West Africa had caused 28 thousand injuries and 11 thousand deaths.

"Ebola", which was known as "Ebola hemorrhagic fever", is considered a severe disease that affects humans and is often fatal, as the death rate due to infection with the virus is approximately 50% on average, but this rate ranged between 25% and 90% in outbreaks that occurred. 2019 broke out.

"Ebola" was first identified in 1976 when two cases occurred simultaneously, one in the village of Yambuku, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the other in a remote area in Sudan.

And "Ebola" is transmitted through contact with the blood, secretions, or organs of animals infected with the virus, or other fluids from their bodies, such as chimpanzees, gorillas and fruit bats.

Monkeypox

A number of virologists in Russia warned of “monkeypox” disease and indicated that it might turn into a global pandemic. The professor of the Department of Virology at the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University Alexei Agranovsky pointed out that this virus may be dangerous and threaten humanity, according to “Sputnik”.

Last Tuesday, Agranovsky said: “We need to work systematically to study viruses of warm-blooded animals such as bats and rodents, and viruses of ticks, mosquitoes and other arthropods.” On the other hand, professor of virology Alexander Chiburnov pointed out that the possibility of smallpox transmission from monkeys to humans is small. Extremely, saying: "Such cases are rare and the degree of infection is low."

He added: "There is a vaccine against smallpox and it is very effective, but it causes negative side effects, so scientists continue to work on developing it."

It is noteworthy that smallpox is one of the most deadly viral diseases, and it has spread to humanity over many years, and the disease used to cause the death of three out of every ten people who contracted it, and most of the survivors remain, disabled, blind or disfigured.

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