New cases of type 2 diabetes increase after COVID-19

Ground Report | New Delhi: Diabetes COVID-19; People who have had Covid-19 are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. New research published in Diabetologia (the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes ), suggests a possible association between mild cases of COVID-19 and subsequent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

Analysis of health records from 1,171 general and internal medicine practices across Germany by Professor Wolfgang Rathmann and Professor Oliver Kuss of the German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany, and Professor Karel Kostev (IQVIA, Frankfurt, Germany) found that adults who recover from mostly mild COVID-19 appear to be at significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes than a matched control group who had other types of respiratory infections, which are also caused Often due to viruses.

According to the study, infection with the coronavirus can also lead to a strong release of cytokines, pro-inflammatory signalling substances, and activation of the immune system, which can persist for months after infection, impairing the effectiveness of insulin in muscles, cells and cells. of fat and liver. To date, however, it is unclear whether these metabolic changes are transient or whether Covid-19 increases the risk of persistent diabetes.

To investigate this question, the researchers also conducted a retrospective cohort study, which included a panel of 1,171 medical practices in Germany, from March 2020 to January 2021. 8.8 million patients were analyzed, with follow-up until July of the year past. As a control group, the researchers selected people with acute respiratory infections (ARI), also caused by viruses.

The two cohorts were matched by sex, age, health insurance, the month of diagnosis of Covid-19 or ARI, and comorbidities (obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, heart attack, stroke).

During the study period, 35,865 people were diagnosed with Covid-19. “Our analyzes showed that patients with the disease developed type 2 diabetes more often than people with ARI. The incidence of diabetes with Covid-19 infection was 15.8 while with ARI it was 12.3 per 1,000 people,” Rathmann explained, adding. “Statistical analysis resulted in an incidence rate of 1.28. Put simply, this means that the relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 28% higher in the Covid-19 group than in the ARI group.”

While type 2 diabetes is unlikely to be a problem for the vast majority of people with mild symptoms of Covid-19, the research authors recommend that anyone recovering from the disease be alert to signs such as fatigue, frequent urination and increased blood pressure. thirst. If you notice any of these symptoms, seek immediate treatment.

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