Explained: New Education Policy 2020

The central government approved the much-anticipated education policy on Wednesday. A comprehensive change in the National Education Policy after 34 years will be a regulator of higher education except medicine, architecture and law. Now, the name of the Ministry of Human Resource Development has changed to the Ministry of Education. 

Education up to the fifth grade will be taught in mother tongue or regional language. The curriculum and educational structure ranging from nursery to 12th is divided into four parts. Also, there will be only one entrance test till graduation.

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The expenditure on education has now extended to 6% of GDP. Earlier, it was only 2.7% of GDP(2017-2018). HRD Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank and I&B Minister Prakash Javadekar said, "the objective of the new policy is to promote the overall education system. It aims to increase the registration in higher education from 28.3 percent to 50 percent by 2035". 

It is divided into four stages i.e., Foundational Stage(5), Primary Stage(3), Middle Stage(3) and, Secondary Stage(4). 

Foundational Stage: The first five will have a nursery, KG and upper- KG under the foundation category. In this, children will take three years of pre-schooling and then fall in the first and second grade. In the special course of NCERT, focus will be on activity-based learning. In it, 3 to 8 years of children will be covered. 

Primary Stage: In the second category students of third, fourth and fifth grade will be included. In this, children will be taught subjects like Maths, Science and Arts through experiments. In it, 8 to 11 years of children will be covered.

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Middle Stage: In the third category students of sixth, seventh and eighth grade will be included. In this, children will be taught the subject-based course. Also, skill development courses will start from the sixth grade and compulsory professional training will be taught. In this, ten days of local craft internship will be done. In it, 11 to 14 years of children will be covered.

Secondary Stage: In the fourth category students of ninth to twelfth grade will be included. During this time the focus will be on the preparation of the board exams. Students will have the freedom to choose subjects. Multidisciplinary information along with your subject will be promoted. Board exams should be based on increasing knowledge rather than constantly memorising, so the syllabus will be reduced.

There will be a four-year degree program for students who want to go into the field of research. Such students will be able to get admission directly into PhD or D.Phil after a four-year degree program with a one-year Masters(PG). There will be no need to do M.Phil as it is being scrapped. Those who wants to do a job after graduation, they will get there degree after three years. After enrolling in the graduate course, the compulsory study of three years will be over. The study of graduation will be of 3-4 years. Students can leave college before 3 to 4 years. Under this, the degree will be given on completion of three years program, diploma on completion of two years and a certificate on completion of one year. While the four-year degree program will be a multidisciplinary undergraduate program.

For online education, the content will be ready in the regional languages, virtual lab and digital library will be created. All entrance and competitive examinations will be conducted by National Testing Agency. Emphasis will be on the computer-based examination. Emphasis on providing courses in classical languages ​​including Indian languages. The government will financially help schools to teach Sanskrit.

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